In-Depth Psychoanalysis Essay Example for Free

In-Depth Psychoanalysis Essay The formation and maintenance of the psychoanalysis frame is important for the function of setting up an ideal emotional relationship with a patient. It is the ability to know how to help the patient by deducing the emotional projections and barriers that are present within the patient’s psyche (Bishop, 1989). The concept of psychic reality embraces the image of the external world, which accommodates the internal world in an individual that is composed of masculine and feminine energies. It is important for psychoanalysts to comprehend this existing relationship between the external and internal world so that the patient will not be confused in understanding his or her situation (Bishop, 1989). In psychoanalysis, both analyst and patient are expected to merge the inner and outer subjectivity of the patient. The analyst’s main role is to figure out what is the scope of that subjectivity and form a suitable analysis of it that will be able to help both of them to find a solution. The analyst should strive to become a part of the patient’s illness in order to arrive at a solution. This is called Transference which is a central element to psychoanalysis (Bishop, 1989). The door to the past is opened through transference as it seeks to make sense of the present. Objectivity has no place in psychoanalysis because the process is derived from the complexities found within the patient’s psyche. An analyst must be able to honor the patient’s projections of reality for it is there that the solution may be brought to light (Bishop, 1989). A conceptual frame exists in the process of psychoanalysis in which the mode of transference is indicative of the projections offered by both the patient and the analyst. It is imperative that an analyst maintains the frame by respecting the patient’s time as it is giving the patient an opportunity to handle his or her own problems (Bishop, 1989). While both the analyst and the patient remain independent, mental interpenetration should be experienced by both parties through the combined efforts of projective identification. It is a process that permits bonding with the patient, alluding to a psychic intercourse. In psychotherapy, the psychotherapist is expected to psychically bond with the patient as a marital partner that nurses the wounded child found within the patient (Bishop, 1989). Psychological elements within the frame emphasizes on three things: Neutrality, anonymity and avoidance of extra-analytic contact. The first element, neutrality, considers a behavior in which the analyst withholds external manifestations of judgment to keep things professional and the psychoanalytic process unaffected. The second element deals with anonymity, which exhibits separation of an analyst’s personal life from the profession. It is obscuring personal attributes and judgment from a patient, except if it is considered beneficial to the situation at hand. The last element, avoidance of extra-analytic contact, upholds the professionalism of the psychoanalyst by deciding to evade places where patients would most likely be. This will set limitations between analyst and patient by not encouraging further contact between the two parties aside from those established within the bounds of the psychoanalysis sessions (Bishop, 1989). Along with these elements, silence contributes a great deal toward intervention in psycho-analytic treatment. It promotes an attitude toward to a gestational state where the individual could combine thoughts and feelings. The space in the room should be filled with the patient’s mind and not the therapists’ knowledge. Silence allows the patient to center on what is inside rather than what is outside. An analyst should take care not to interfere with this process as language may affect its course (Bishop, 1989). Another thing an analyst should keep in mind is interpreting the silence by giving importance to the transference process, exposing the unconscious mind. The purpose of unraveling such consciousness is to project the instinctual or the here and now. Transference brings rise to object relations connected with the patient’s anxieties toward unconsciousness (Bishop, 1989). For an analyst to be more attuned toward the needs of the patient, derivatives must be presented in order to clarify what was obtained from the transference. It is keeping the exchange route open and flowing. The frame of psychoanalysis should be preserved in such a way that it allows room for both the patient and the analyst to bond together by figuring out the source of the psychological discomfort. It is establishing a stable connection between the patient and the analyst (Bishop, 1989). 2. Discuss Bion’s Model as it relates to psychological development and psychotherapeutic process. What correlates do you find in the work of Freud and Kohut? Initially, Bion’s interpretations of the subconscious mind gravitate toward the idea that thoughts precede thinking. He believes that people have existing preconceptions about the environment and their realizations. When these two factors meet, it serves as a basis for thinking (Bishop, 1989). Bion postulates that each person possesses an inclination to be psychotic (PPP), though it is very much different from being in a state of psychosis. For Bion, it involves a set of process in which sufficient trauma activates the reversion of PPP, enabling one to experience such a state. It is fueled by the death instinct that affects the instinctual drive to kill and the ability to think and feel (Bishop, 1989). Feelings and thoughts are processed by the patient as a separate entity from him or her; therefore, the psychotic part emerges as a detached state that breaks the linkages between thoughts and feelings. As a result, destructive impulses, intolerant frustrations, hatred and irritability occur within the patient, rendering narcissistic love into sadism (Bishop, 1989). The patient experiencing this kind of state lives in a state of persecution through the creation of bizarre objects or hallucinations. This part of the personality relies on removing any negative thought-process through projective identification. Most often, projective identification refers to the pathological element of execution but under normal circumstances, it is a mode of interpersonal communications that permits the patient to express his or her feelings for the analyst to make sense of them. Such frightening expressions of the patient create a digestible container in the analyst who accepts the projected reality (Bishop, 1989). The analyst then interjects such expressions or beta elements surrounding the projection. The analyst needs to acknowledge how frightening the projection is and respond to it appropriately. Â  This process is known as alpha function, which simply associates itself from the feeding ritual of birds. The parent bird feeds the baby by taking the worm and digesting it through the creation of bite-size pieces. When the digestion is achieved, the parent bird regurgitates it in the mouth of the baby bird in order to help the baby bird digest the food. The human counterpart features the analyst as the parent bird and the patient as the baby bird. The patient projects a reality to the analyst, which in turn is emotionally digested by the analyst and offered back to the patient. The analyst needs to regress in order to process projective identification so that it coincides with what the patient has given (Bishop, 1989). If the beta element returned by the therapist is unstable, the patient will assume that the therapist is of no help as he or she could not comprehend the situation. This leads the patient to feel misunderstood and alone. From this, the patient starts to project a more violent attitude toward the analyst. The outcome may lead to psychosis if the patient is unable to find another container on which to project the beta elements. The analyst must be able to reframe the beta elements in order to provide the big picture to the patient (Bishop, 1989). With regard to Kohut and Freud, both place special emphasis on narcissism. Kohut identifies narcissism as a way of rejection by discarding oneself into another’s experience through empathy. It is the primary therapeutic tool that does not connote affect or emotional attitude. The affect is only experienced once the analyst finally comprehends the patient’s circumstance (Curtis, 2008). While Freud may have discussed how an individual relates to his or her being as an object and creates conflict within if disappointments occur, separating it from the line of development, Kohut believes that the narcissistic line is a long-term process. People take what they can from their environment all throughout their lives, which is what fuels narcissism (Curtis, 2008). The transference in Kohut’s explanation takes place in the selfobject relationship which provides a mirroring positive response to the patient that is in dire need of it. It is the proliferation of affirmation, appreciativeness, and fulfillment of purpose, which supports narcissism in its most positive sense. The function of this is to supply the emotional deficit that is lacking in the environment of the patient (Curtis, 2008). One of the major changes that have occurred from traditional psychoanalysis is the introduction of selfobject as a counterpart of the projective identification of Klein/Freud. It sets up primary emotional connections that aid in psychological development. The process is not concerned with the outside notions of the self but of the inner projections that manifests itself through deficits (Curtis, 2008). Another modification concerns the predisposition of the analyst of the past to take things from an objective perspective to a subjective experience. This view intercepts the existing relationship of the analyst-patient into one unit which also encourages counter-transference on the part of the analyst (Curtis, 2008). Psychotherapy involves the examination of a patient’s long history and the fragments of mal-attunments that affects his or her sense of self. The role of the analyst is to assist the patient in re-establishing the nuclear self and assesses realistically the positive side of the patient’s psyche. This is the only way for the patient to willingly internalize the deficits through optimal failures. Failure is essential to the growth of an individual since it helps develop perseverance and maintain a healthy ego. Psychotherapy helps in the process of arriving at the selfobject needs of patient through the awareness of the existing deficits and responding empathically to it (Curtis 2008). References: Bishop, A. (1989). Classical psychoanalytic technique. In R. Langs (Ed.). New York: Guilford Press. Curtis, R.C. (2008). Desire, Self, Mind, and the Psychotherapies: Unifying Psychological Science and Psychoanalysis (The New Imago). (1st ed.). New York: Jason Aronson.

Traditional Costing Method vs ABC

Traditional Costing Method vs ABC Introduction In this essay we will discuss the traditional costing method and consider the alternative method offered by Activity Based Costing (ABC) technique. We will discuss how the two methods differ from each other and also from the direct costing systems. The essay will also evaluate the value added by each costing system within a company’s decision making process, in terms of the accuracy of information they provide. Cost systems differ in terms of which costs are allocated to the cost objects i.e. product, service etc and also in terms of their levels of allocation ingenuity. There are three main cost systems in existence, namely, the direct costing system, the traditional absorption costing system and the activity based costing system. The direct costing system as suggested by its name, only allocates direct costs to the products or services; it does not attempt to allocate indirect costs. Therefore, it reports only the contribution attributable from the product or service towards indirect costs incurred by the business. It is often referred to as a partial costing system. The direct costing method is only pertinent for decision making process where the indirect costs are small part of the overall organisational costs or does not fluctuate greatly to changes in demand. Both the traditional and ABC system assign indirect costs to the product or service to give full costing information to the organisation in its decision making process. As illustrated in figure 1.0 above, there are two systems of assigning indirect costs to cost objects, namely, traditional costing system and ABC system. The traditional costing system has been in use since early 1900 and is still being used today. The traditional costing method relies to a large extent on the use of arbitrary cost allocation, commonly the use of either labour or material absorption rate. Decision Making In order for companies to make viable decisions, they require accurate product costs. Without sufficient allocation of indirect costs it would be difficult for companies to differentiate between profitable and loss-making products and services. Therefore cost systems needs to accurately reflect the consumption of resources by products, otherwise, product costs will be distorted and profitable products will be discontinued or rejected by the company and loss-making ones will be continued. Traditional costing system varies greatly in the level of sophistication to that of ABC in allocating indirect costs to the cost object. There is a general consensus that the traditional system is simplistic whereas ABC is more complex in its allocation technique. Therefore, traditional cost systems are inexpensive to operate, as it extensively uses an arbitrary cost allocation and results in low levels of accuracy. This in turn leads to higher cost of errors in product decisions being undertaken by organisations. ABC on the other hand, is more expensive to operate as it makes extensive use of cause and effect cost allocations (use of cost drivers), but results in greater levels of accuracy and leads to less errors in decision making process. Traditional vs. ABC The ABC system devises a number of activity based cost centres, whereas with traditional systems, overheads tend to be pooled by departments (cost centres). Traditional costing method like ABC system use a two-stage process to allocate indirect costs, with the first stage comprising of overhead being allocated to departments both production and service, the service departmental costs are subsequently reallocated to production departments. ABC, however, assigns overheads to individual activity instead of departments. The second stage of the allocation process involves allocating costs from individual departments under traditional method and activity cost centres under the ABC system, into the cost objects. The traditional system uses only a small number of second stage allocation bases, which are linked to volume produced. ABC system on the other hand uses a large number of second stage cost drivers; including non-volume based drivers i.e. number of production runs, number of purchase orders etc. In summary, the major distinguishing features of ABC system to that of the traditional method is that, a greater number of cost centres together with a variety of second stage cost drivers exist. This result in the ABC system delivering more accurate measurement of resources being consumed by a cost object, ensuring that management undertakes correct decisions. Conclusion ABC came to prominent during the 80s as a result of the limitations of traditional costing method and its value to decision making process of large blue chip organisations. In todays volatile market place where blue chip organisations are involved in the production and delivery of complex products and services, the traditional costing system and its use of volume based cost drivers like direct labour hours represent only a small fraction of total object costs. Volume based cost drivers assume that product’s consumption of overhead resources is directly connected to units produced. The use of volume based drivers to allocate indirect costs, which are considerably larger, results in inaccurate product costs and provides management with information which is of minute or no value. In fact the organisation runs the risk of making incorrect decisions about its profitable and unprofitable products and services which could result in financial ruin for the organisation and threaten its long term survival. Therefore, unsophisticated volume based overhead allocations using a declining direct labour cannot be warranted, principally when information processing costs are no longer a barrier to introducing more sophisticated cost systems like ABC. Furthermore, the intense global competitiveness within the market place had made decision errors due to poor cost information more probable and more costly. Therefore, with use of traditional costing system, misleading information is reported. However, ABC system recognises that overheads are caused by other factors, beside volume, and it allocates overheads based on cause and effects, resulting in more accuracy in organisational decision making. However, surveys of management accounting practices continue to present evidence of organisation’s still using traditional costing. Hughes, S.B. and Paulson Gjerde, K.A. (2003) carried out a survey of US manufacturing companies and reported 35 per cent of respondent using traditional costing and a further 30 per cent using a combination of traditional with ABC. Therefore, it is evident that traditional costing still provides information which is useful for blue chip Company’s decision making process, but they must use the information only with the knowledge of its drawbacks. Word Count = 1,072 References Bibliography Drury, C. (2005) Management Accounting for Business – 3rd Edition, Thomson Drury, C. (2008) Management and Cost Accounting – 7th Edition, South-Western Gowthorpe, C. (2008) Management Accounting, South-Western Hughes, S.B. and Paulson Gjerde, K.A. (2003) ‘Do different cost system make a difference?’, Management Accounting Quarterly, Fall, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.22-30

History and Development of Clothes Irons

History and Development of Clothes Irons 1.0 Introduction The report thoroughly examines the development and history of cloths irons and investigate of the materials used. The purpose of this report is to describe and examine the function and special features of this appliance. And, to identify the social, environmental, sustainability and cultural implications that have arisen from the development. Further exploring the use of this type of appliance with so to classify the materials used. A clothes iron also known as a flat iron, or smoothing iron, is a household appliance used to smoothen out the crinkles out of and creases into clothes. 1.1 History of Iron The history of the cloths iron advanced from in the 1st century. First iron developed with metal pans filled with boiling water were initially used in China during that period. Empire-era Romans had several tools like the modern iron. This flat metal mallet was used to hit clothes. The creases were removed by the pounding. Around the fifteenth century, an enhancement over the flatiron was presented. The hot box was made of a hollow metal box with a smooth bottom and a grip. Inside, hot coals, or some other heating element were placed. In the late 1800s, gas irons came into existence. Households had separate gas lines, and the gas iron was hooked up to the gas line by a pipe. The iron contained a burner to which the gas ran. When the burner was lit, the iron intensified. These irons were usuallyiron heated with oil, gasoline, and other fuels. Later, throughout the 1880s when electricity was later becoming extensive accessible in regular households. The very initial development of plug-in iron was by Henry W. Seeley in 1882. This was attached to an electrical source by removable cables. Electricity from the source stimulated the irons interior coils. The irons were heated on a stand which had to be reheated frequently. There was no way of controlling its temperature. One big problem with Seeleys iron was that it heated gradually, and cooled progressively when used. The iron had to be reheated repeatedly. During the 20th century, Thomas Sears invented the first steam iron. Most modern irons are made of metallic and polymer materials, and most have features such as steam, temperature controls, and programable shutoff. High heat of steam provides the ease of removing wrinkles and creases off clothing. 1.3 Impact and Effects The development of iron led to the improvement of minimalise time consumption spent on ironing clothes improving the domestic household by reducing physical labor with the small and compact tool. The improvement of the iron led to new features and improved quality such as allowing vertical steaming, temperature control and etc. Engineers uses the latest materials and manufacturing processes, include a range of features to ensure comfort appearance, safety and ergonomics to the society. Frequent ironing can lead to environmental impacts depicted in society, leading to massive amounts of electricity consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Generally, one iron uses 1000 Watts of energy annually of 3 people, significantly using a substantial amount of energy. Because the demand for electricity is variable throughout the day, its generation is uneven. This produces problems and enhances a financial and environmental cost. 2.0 Description 2.1 Components The iron is functioned when electric voltage is transferred through a coil and it is heated. This heat is then transferred to the soleplate through conduction. Modern irons operate by water transferred into a small transparent water tank and boiled until its indicated it is ready. User can adjust the steaming option with a mechanical button. The blend of heat and pressure removes wrinkles and creases using resistive heating from an electrical current. Ironing works by discharging the bonds between the long-chain polymer particles in the fibers of the material. While the particles are hot, the fibers are flattened by the mass of the iron, and they grasp their new form as they calm Modern Iron consists of: Sole Plate: Its made with molten aluminum. This is placed in a mold where holes are made. Then its pressure, cooled, and released. Aluminum allows corrosion not to occur. It is polished, layered with a non-stick material making it stainless. Thermostat: In mold, a small metal post is made. A spring is made onto it. This spring is completed of two different metals. The spring controls the irons temperature. Power contacts are connected to the spring, which then the electricity is allowed through so the iron can be heated. Housing and Handle: In a mold, the heated plastic is inserted into a mold under pressure, cooled, and released. The heating element: This is between the sole plate and cover plate. The heating element consists of nichrome wire wound around a sheet of mica. The two ends of the nichrome wire are connected to the contact strips. The contact strips are connected to the terminals of the iron. Mica is a very good insulating material and can also endure very high temperature 2.2 Production When all the components are mass-produced, the iron is completed on a computerised production line. The sole plate is the first part on the assembly line. The thermostat is screwed then to the plate by automaton machinery. To the sole plate-thermostat subassembly, the water tank is set together. It is secured with mechanical robots with attachments, Grip and frame is linked over the sole plate, thermostat and water tank, and secured by bolts. Electrical cord is the last piece to be added. After robotic testing procedure, the irons are examined by hand. Finished irons are packed into separate boxes with instructions and other documents. 2.3 FEATURES Modern irons have various features: Auto Shutoff Automatically turned off when left idle its heel for 8 minutes Anti-drip Prevents leaks when the iron is not hot enough to steam. Anti-calcium Allows self-cleaning. A valve that acts as a filter that you need to be clean from time to time. This prevents the built-up of calcium built-up due to hardness of water. Temperature Control Adjust the temperature on types of materials: silk, wool, cotton, linen, etc. Cord Control The point at which the cord attaches to the iron and has a spring to hold the cord out of the way when ironing, this prevents fires and provides more convenience. 3.0 Analysis The three main materials used in the clothes iron and the engineering properties of each are: Materials Advantages Disadvantages Thermosetting Polymer (Outer Cover) Allow easy cleaning on the smooth surface Reduced weight Cheap and inexpensive Insulator remains cool when operated in elevated temperature of heat High toxicity and flammability Low strength Non-biodegradable Ceramics (Components) Inexpensive Stable at elevated temperatures Good electrical insulators Weak in tension. Poor shock resistance. Molten Aluminum (Sole plate) Non-corrosive Prevention of rusting Stainless metal Recyclable Resistant to elevated temperature use Expensive Vulnerable when scratched Comparison between the early and late model: Early Model Later Model Steel fittings Cast iron base Polymer- Bakelite electrical fittings Copper- electrical wire Cloth- electrical insulation Heated by wood fire or other gases Stainless steel base Aluminum Polymer Polymer PVC electrical insulation Copper electrical wire Ceramic electronic components Heated by electric element 4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSION A feature I would improve on the iron is the sole plate. An improved and better coating would be invented that can be more resistant and tough from damage as zippers or other protrusions on clothing to can damage the sole plate. And reduce the dragging over and on the textile material when using the iron making it smoother to utilise. These enhancements and development can be found in the factor of better alloys or better nonstick coatings. With the innovations advancement of inventions of technologies, materials and component has been advanced and hence better quality. The early model utilises wood and other gases to power the iron whilst in comparison now into the contemporary modern day society it enhances on electrical power to rely on. Metal was used in the ancient periods but in present society polymer is handled to which creates an insubstantial light-weighted product and thus extremely convenient and accessible on daily lives in society. 5.0 APPENDIX References Information About the Electric Iron Invention: How an Electric Iron Works. Bright HubEngineering: Articles, News Industry, Information Written for Engineers. NP/NDWeb. 18 March 2017. Bright Hub Engineering. 2010. The Invention of the Electric Iron. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.brighthubengineering.com/consumer-appliances-electronics/64941-the-invention-of-the-electric-iron/. [Accessed 18 March 2017]. MOHD HAZUAN BIN MOHD ZAWAWI. 2010. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL IRON USING BOOTHROYD DEWHURST DFMA METHODOLOGY. [ONLINE] Available at: http://eprints.utem.edu.my/2985/1/Design_And_Analysis_Of_Electrical_Iron_Using_Boothroyd_Dewhurst_DFMA_Methodology_-_24_pages.pdf. [Accessed 18 March 2017]. Eric Benac. 2010. Who Invented the Pressing Iron? [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ehow.com/about_5113872_invented-pressing-iron.html. [Accessed 18 March 2017]. How clothes iron is made material, history, used, parts, components, product, machine, History, Raw Mcaterials. 2017. How clothes iron is made material, history, used, parts, components, product, machine, History, Raw Mcaterials. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Clothes-Iron.html. [Accessed 17 March 2017]. _History and Theory of Ironing_. 2017. _History and Theory of Ironing_. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.jitterbuzz.com/ironing_history.html. [Accessed 17 March 2017]. History of steam iron. 2017. History of steam iron. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.steamiron.info/storiaferrostiro.htm. [Accessed 17 March 2017]. Smoothing Iron 1882 MagLab. 2017. Smoothing Iron 1882 MagLab. [ONLINE] Available at: https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/museum/smoothing-iron. [Accessed 17 March 2017]

Hemingway :: essays papers

Hemingway Ernest Hemingway once said, "As you get older, it is harder to have heroes, but it is sort of necessary." Hemingway knew this because he actually invented his famous code hero. The Hemingway code hero was a macho man that indulged in liquor, women, and food, and usually did not fear God. While reading The Old Man and the Sea, the reader is not exposed to the usual Hemingway code hero. Hemingway creates an aging hero that proves to be the opposite of the normal code hero by his disinterest in physical pleasures, the presence of religion, and the presence of a companion. Santiago, the main character in the story, does not divulge in any pleasures what so ever. It almost seems as though he is trying to make himself suffer. Everyday, Santiago hardly eats anything but a little fish or coffee. He does not have any relationships with women in the story, as many Hemingway novels have included. While Santiago is out on the boat, he does not let himself stray from the task at hand even though it is very uncomfortable. The Hemingway code hero would be the exact opposite of Santiago. He would eat large meals every day, make love to many women, and never put himself in a position that he did not like. The code hero would do everything as though it was the last time he was doing it because he did not believe strongly in the presence of God. Santiago was different because he believed in God, and prayed to him for help throughout the story. While he was at sea, he often prayed that he would get the fish or that he would live to see the fish brought to the village. Santiago did not fear death and the reader senses that Santiago believes that if he dies, he will go to heaven. The story is also filled with many biblical references and the whole book has a religious theme. Hemingway does not usually have his code heroes be religious, and most of them feel that they only have this time on earth and they had better make the best out of it. Finally , Hemingway's code hero differs in The Old Man and the Sea because of the presence of the boy that is Santiago's companion.

Creation Vs Evolution :: essays research papers

In the beginning there were no cave men, no dinosaurs, no plants, no oceans, no mountains, no sun, no stars. There was nothing, not even space or time. Only God existed. Then God spoke suddenly creating space, time, matter, and energy. Out of this sudden beginning all the galaxies, stars, and planets formed. Then God’s spirit began to work over the surface of the ocean. Then God said let there be light and there was light. He called the light â€Å"day† and the darkness â€Å"night.† And God said, â€Å"let there be an expanse between the waters to separate water from water. God called the expanse â€Å"sky† Then God gathered the ocean water to one place so that the land would appear. Now there was not just water on the surface of the earth. Then God produced plants on the land, plants of various kinds. These plants consumed carbon dioxide and water and, with the energy of the sun, converted them into food and oxygen. Then God said let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from night, and let them serve as signs to mark the seasons and days and years. God also made the stars. Then god said, Let the water teem with living creatures and let birds fly above the earth in the sky. So God create the great creatures of the sea and every living and moving thing. And God said, Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that move along the ground, and wild animals, each according to it’s kind. Then God said, Let us make man in our own image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish in the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth, and over all the creatures that move along the ground. So God Created man in his own image in the image of God he create him. What do we mean by Evolution; We tend to use the words loosely, forgetting that words have specific meanings, modified only by the context in which they are used. If people would define their terms, and use words carefully, half the arguments would be settled before they begin. This is especially true of evolution debate. What then is meant by the term â€Å"evolution†? Every one associates evolution with Darwin’s theory and assumes that the two are synonymous.

Raquel Browning, a private investigator – Creative Writing

Raquel Browning, a private investigator, sat at the window and watched him walk past. His head was lowered, and his right hand held his overcoat fixed firmly against the wind. She watched him until he was out of her range of sight, then she picked up the telephone. Across the river, on the other side of town, the phone rang once, then again before Mrs Clifford reached over and placed the receiver next to her ear. â€Å"Hello,† she said tentatively. â€Å"I have some news,† came the response from Raquel. â€Å"Go ahead,† Mrs Clifford said as she closed the parlour door. â€Å"He spent the night in a hotel named ‘The Lion's Den' with a brunette woman whose name was ‘Laura'. They dined earlier in the hotel restaurant before retiring to their room. He left at nine o'clock this morning.† â€Å"Is that all?† Mrs Clifford asked. â€Å"Yes, that is all Ma'am; I will have another update soon.† Mrs Clifford listened as the phone was hung up on the other end, and then replaced the receiver. She glanced at the painting on the wall above her. It was of Patrick when he was a little younger. His eyes seemed to pierce hers, and for a second, she almost felt guilty about having him followed. Raquel caught up with him a few blocks from the hotel. As she was trained, she stayed out of his view. She watched as he entered a coffee shop, and then entered the shop after two more people had gone in. She found a table close to Patrick and listened to him order a cappuccino, then the rustle of the newspaper pages as he read it. He didn't seem to be going anywhere, so she ordered an orange juice. After ten minutes, Raquel saw Laura, the woman he had spent the night with, walk into the coffee shop, and after glancing behind her at the street, slide into the seat beside Patrick. â€Å"Were you followed?† Raquel heard Patrick say. â€Å"No,† replied Laura. After that, Patrick and Laura became seemingly oblivious to the world, and started kissing. Raquel rose, paid for her orange juice, and exited the shop. Once she was outside, she crossed the street, turned and took out her camera. She took a quick series of photos of Patrick and Laura, and then put away the camera. Mrs Clifford would be happy she thought, well, as happy as possible. She had proof now, and that's what Mrs Clifford had paid her for. She went home, developed the photos, and placed them in a blank envelope. She addressed the envelope, and then posted the letter. ‘A job well done', the Private Investigator thought as she tucked her hands into her pockets and started to walk home. Mrs Clifford opened the envelope, and pulled out the photographs. There were six in total, all showing Patrick and Laura in various stages of canoodling. Mrs Clifford's face darkened as she looked at each one. ‘How could he? In public?' she thought as the maid, Jenkins walked into the room. She hastily pushed the photographs into the envelope again. The last thing she needed was the staff to be talking about this. â€Å"Tea, Mrs Clifford?† asked Miss Jenkins. â€Å"Yes, Thankyou.† Miss Jenkins poured the tea into a bone china teacup and handed it to Mrs Clifford. Mrs Clifford pulled the photographs out of the envelope again, as Miss Jenkins left the room, and looked at them as she sipped her tea. Mrs Clifford recognised this woman ‘Laura'. She worked in Patrick's office. The photographs were not enough. She needed to know more. Mrs Clifford picked up the telephone and dialled. â€Å"Browning Private Investigators,† Raquel answered the phone. â€Å"Good Afternoon. It's Mrs Clifford.† â€Å"Good Afternoon Mrs Clifford. I trust you received the photographs? How can I help you?† â€Å"I received the photographs, and they were good, but now I need more.† â€Å"More, Mrs Clifford?† The Private Investigator asked. â€Å"Yes, more. I need to know more about Patrick and this ‘Laura' woman. I will pay you double the amount I payed you last time.† â€Å"Mrs Clifford, I would be pleased to help you,† Raquel responded. She listened as Mrs Clifford said, â€Å"Well then we're settled,† and hung up. The private investigator wouldn't have taken this job for just anyone, but Mrs Clifford had money to burn, and the private investigator had a hole in her pocket. She grabbed her backpack which had all of her equipment in it, and set off to find Patrick. Raquel found him an hour later, in a shopping mall. He was in a lingerie store, but she couldn't see Laura anywhere. She continued to watch as Patrick looked through all the different things that the shop had to sell. She was taking pictures of this when Laura appeared from one of the change rooms. She walked over to Patrick and exchanged some words, and then Patrick gave her a lacy outfit to try on, kissed her, and left the store. The private investigator was still snapping photographs when he stopped at a jewellery store. She continued taking photographs as he walked up to the counter, and briefly spoke to the saleswoman. The saleswoman disappeared into a back room, and the private investigator stopped taking photographs to replace the film. Once she had done that, she started taking photographs as the saleswoman reappeared with a box in her hand. The saleswoman opened the box revealing a diamond ring. Patrick nodded, and then paid. The private investigator smiled. Mrs Clifford would be happy with her work. She left, and posted the photographs. Mrs Clifford answered the door when Patrick arrived. He had Laura with him. Mrs Clifford already knew what she was about to hear, thanks to the private investigator. She wasn't sure she liked it, but she really had no choice in the matter. She waited for Patrick to say something, and when it came, it was not a surprise. â€Å"Hi mother,† he said, â€Å"I'd like to introduce my fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e, Laura.† Mrs Clifford smiled as she welcomed her son and future daughter-in-law inside.

College Scholarship Essay

Hi, my name is Stacey Burrell and I currently attending Boston Arts Academy as a Junior theatre major. I believe it’s never too early to start looking at colleges and scholarships. My schools of interest include Juilliard, Colombia, and Dartmouth. I am not the first in my family to go to college but I am apart of the first generation. My parents are from Jamaica and never fully completed their education. I’ve always had to make the most of financial aid and luck. My parents are definitely not rich but we’ve always found ways to pay for what we need. My sister just enrolled at Cornell University almost entirely through financial aid and merit based scholarships. I feel as though I deserve this scholarship because my grades definitely reflect how important education is to me. I plan to major in Theatre Arts and minor in Education. See more: how to write a winning scholarship essay Theatre has always been a huge part of my life. My goal for the future is to teach youth how.important theatre is. It can tell stories that help people connect to one another. I also deserve this scholarship to prove to myself that I can actually achieve my dreams. I always set the bar high for myself as you can see in my choice of colleges; it’s always hard having an older sibling.and being compared to them all the time. This scholarship will just be one step closer to my dream of going to college and following in my sister’s footsteps. This essay might not stand out to you because I know there are people out there with sickness and disease. I’m in good health and I have a supportive family. All I have to prove that I deserve this scholarship are my grades and my determination to go to college.